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研究成果

学术论文发表

(*corresponding author)

59. Zefang Li, Huai Zhang, Guanqi Li, Jiangteng Guo, Qingping Wang, Ying Deng, Yue Hu, Xuange Hu, Can Liu, Minghui Qin, Xi Shen, Richeng Yu, Xingsen Gao, Zhimin Liao, Junming Liu, Zhipeng Hou*, Yimei Zhu*, Xuewen Fu*. Room-temperature sub-100 nm Néel-type skyrmions in non-stoichiometric van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3-xGaTe2 with ultrafast laser writability. Nature Communications 15 (1), 1017 (2024).

58. Lei Zhang, Yuyu He, Xinyue Dong, Junqing Guo, Zhansheng Gao, Zhaochao Liu, Jiabiao Chen, Yingtao Zhao, Zhengyang Zhou, Jun Yin, Xuewen Fu, Feng Luo, Huixia Fu, Jinxiong Wu. Controlled Synthesis of a High‐Mobility Bi3O2. 5Se2 Semiconductor by Oxidation of Bi2Se3 for Fast and Highly Sensitive Photodetectors. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2300854 (2023).

57. L. Zhang, Z. Li, Y. Deng, L. Li, Z. Gao, J. Chen, Z. Zhou, J. Huang, W. Xu, Xuewen Fu*, H. Yuan, F. Luo*, J. Wu*. Temperature-driven reversible structural transformation and conductivity switching in ultrathin Cu9S5 crystals. Nano Research 16(7), 10515 (2023).

56. Jiaojian Shi, Ya-Qing Bie, Alfred Zong, Shiang Fang, Wei Chen, Jinchi Han, Zhaolong Cao,Yong Zhang, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Xuewen Fu, Vladimir Bulovic, Efthimmios Kaxiras, Edoardo Baldini, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, Keith A nelson*. Intrinsic 1 phase induced in atomically thin 2H-MoTe2 by a single terahertz pluse. Nature Communications14, 5905 (2023).

55. S. Liu, H, Geng, Z. Huang, S. Deng, X. Shen, R. Yu, K. Zheng*, S.E. Canton* and X. Fu*. Probing the Multiexcitonic Dynamics in CsPbI3 Nanocrystals across the Temperature-Induced Reversible Phase Transitions. Advanced Energy Materials 13(30), 2301097 (2023).

54. Can Liu, Huai zhang, Zefang Li, Yuan Yan, Yajiu Zhang, Zhipeng Hou, Xuewen Fu. Nontrivial spin textures induced remarkable topological Hall effect and extraordinary magnetoresistance in kagome Magnet TmMn6Sn6. Surf. Interfaces 39,102866,1-6 (2023).

53. Xiang Chen, Yaqing Zhang, Xinxin Yue, Zhuanzhuan Huang, Lifu Zhang, Min Feng, Fang Liu, Cuntao Gao,Yuan Yan*, Xuewen Fu*. Directly seeding epitaxial growth of tungsten oxides/tungsten diselenide mixed-dimensional heterostructures with excellent optical properties. iScience 26, 108296,1-10 (2023).

52. Xiang Chen, Xinxin Yue, Lifu Zhang, Xiaodan Xu, Fang Liu, Min Feng, Zhenpeng Hu, Yuan Yan, Jacob Scheuer, Xuewen Fu*. Actived single photon emitters and enhanced deep-level emissions in hBN strain superlattice. Adv. Funct. Matter.2306128, 1-10 (2023).

51. Huifang Geng, Zhuanzhuan Huang, Huaxiu Geng, Siyu Liu, Maria A Naumova, Raffaele Salvia, Siqi Chen, Junli Wei, Lifu Zhang, Xianshao Zou, Weihua Lin, Xinyi Cai, Mingjian Yuan, Zhenpeng Hu, Xi Shen, Richeng Yu, Kaibo Zheng*, Sophie E Canton*, Xuewen Fu*. Controlled synthesis of highly stable lead-free bismuth halide perovskite nanocrystals: Structures and photophysics. Science China Materials, 1-11 (2023).

50. H Zhang, C Liu, Y Zhang, Z Hou*, Xuewen Fu*, X Zhang, X Gao, J Liu. Magnetic field-induced nontrivial spin chirality and large topological Hall effect in kagome magnet ScMn6Sn6. Applied Physics Letters121 (20), 202401 (2022).

49. J Guo, Z Xiao, Z Wu, X Liao, S Wan, Xuewen Fu*, Y Zhou*. Quasi‐1D ZrS3 as an Anisotropic Nano‐Reflector for Manipulating Light–Matter Interactions. Advanced Optical Materials 10 (19), 2201030 (2022).

48. B Liu, W Chu, S Liu, Y Zhou, L Zou, J Fu, M Liu, Xuewen Fu, F Ouyang, Y Zhou. Engineering the nanostructures of solution proceed In2Sex S3-x films with enhanced near-infrared absorption for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55 (43), 434004 (2022).

47. Xuewen Fu*, Zepeng Sun, Shaozheng Ji, Fang Liu, Min Feng, Byung-Kuk Yoo, and Yimei Zhu*. Nanoscale-Femtosecond Imaging of Evanescent Surface Plasmons on Silver Film by Photon-Induced Near-Field Electron Microscopy. Nano Lett. 2022, 22, 2009−2015.

46. Zhipeng Hou,* Yadong Wang, Xiaoming Lan, Sai Li, Xuejin Wan, Fei Meng, Yangfan Hu,* Zhen Fan, Chun Feng, Minghui Qin, Min Zeng, Xichao Zhang, Xiaoxi Liu, Xuewen Fu, Guanghua Yu, Guofu Zhou, Yan Zhou, Weisheng Zhao, Xingsen Gao, and Jun-ming Liu. Controlled Switching of the Number of Skyrmions in a Magnetic Nanodot by Electric Fields. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 2107908.

45. Xuewen Fu*, Haixia Nie, Zepeng Sun, Min Feng,Xiang Chen, Can Liu, Fang Liu, Dapeng Yu and Zhi-min Liao*. Bending strain effects on the optical and optoelectric properties of GaN nanowires. Nano Research 2022, 1-7.

44. Xuewen Fu*, Xiang Chen, Gwenole Jacopin, Mehran Shahmohammadi, Chuwei Zhang,Fang Liu, Ren Liu, Jean-Daniel Ganière, Zhi-Min Liao*, Benoit Deveaud*, and Dapeng Yu*. Temperature Dependent Exciton Funnel Dynamics in Uniform Strain Gradient Field Observed by Time-Resolved Photoluminescence. Adv. Optical Mater. 2101969 (2021).

43. 田野*，周楚亮，付学文*，纪少政，冷雨欣，李儒新*. 基于光场调控的超快相干电子源产生及调控研究进展. 光子学报 50(8): 0850202(2021).

42. Meng Huang, Lei Gao, Ying Zhang, Xunyong Lei, Guojing Hu, Junxiang Xiang, Hualing Zeng, Xuewen Fu, Zengming Zhang, Guozhi Chai, Yong Peng, Yalin Lu, Haifeng Du, Gong Chen, Jiadong Zang, and Bin Xiang*. Possible Topological Hall Effect above Room Temperature in Layered Cr1.2Te2 Ferromagnet. Nano Letters 21, 4280−4286 (2021).

41. Xuewen Fu*, Siyu Liu, Bin Chen, Jau Tang, Yimei Zhu^*. Observation and Control of Unidirectional Ballistic Dynamics of Nanoparticles at a Liquid–Gas Interface by 4D Electron Microscopy. ACS nano 15 (4), 6801-6810 (2021).

40. X. W. Fu*, Erdong Wang, Yubin Zhao, Ao Liu, Eric Montgomery, Vikrant J Gokhale, Jason J Gorman, Chunguang Jing, June W Lau, Yimei Zhu*. Direct visualization of electromagnetic wave dynamics by laser-free ultrafast electron microscopy, Science Advances 6 (40), eabc3456 (2020).

39. X. W. Fu*,Francesco Barantani, Simone Gargiulo, Ivan Madan, Gabriele Berruto, Thomas LaGrange, Lei Jin, Junqiao Wu, Giovanni Maria Vanacore, Fabrizio Carbone*, Yimei Zhu*. Nanoscale-femtosecond dielectric response of Mott insulators captured by two-color near-field ultrafast electron microscopy, Nature Communications 11 (1), 5770 (2020).

38. X. W. Fu*, Myung-Geun Han, Chunguang Jing, Ao Liu, Eric Montgomery, K Schliep, June Lau, Yimei Zhu^*. Visualizing Hidden States and Spin Dynamics Using Ultrafast Electron Phase Microscopy.Microscopy and Microanalysis 26 (S2), 2490-2492 (2020).

37. June W Lau, Karl B Schliep, Michael B Katz, Vikrant J Gokhale, Jason J Gorman, Chunguang Jing, Ao Liu, Yubin Zhao, Eric Montgomery, Hyeokmin Choe, Wade Rush, Alexei Kanareykin, X. W. Fu, Yimei Zhu^*. Laser-free GHz stroboscopic transmission electron microscope: Components, system integration, and practical considerations for pump–probe measurements. Review of Scientific Instruments 91 (2), 021301 (2020).

36. Zhao Liu, X. W. Fu*, Dong-Bo Zhang^*. Strain gradient induced spatially indirect excitons in single crystalline ZnO nanowires. Nanoscale 12 (37), 19083-19087 (2020).

35. Joseph A Garlow, Shawn D Pollard, Marco Beleggia, Myung-Geun Han, X. W. Fu, Lijun Wu, Hyunsoo Yang, Yimei Zhu*. Quantitative Analysis of Topological, Chiral Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction in Co/Pd Multilayers. Microscopy and Microanalysis 25 (S2), 22-23 (2019).

34. Qiao Qiao, Lijun Wu, Jun Li, Shaobo Cheng, Myung-Geun Han, Joseph A Garlow, Shawn D Pollard, X. W. Fu, Jing Tao, Joseph Wall, Yimei Zhu*. Emerging Microscopy for Quantum Information Sciences. Microscopy and Microanalysis 25 (S2), 928-929 (2019).

33. Chunguang Jing, Yimei Zhu, Ao Liu, Karl Schliep, X. W. Fu, Yubin Zhao, Eric Montgomery, Wade Rush, Alexei Kanareykin, Michael Katz, June Lau^*. Tunable electron beam pulser for picoseconds stroboscopic microscopy in transmission electron microscopes. Ultramicroscopy 207, 112829 (2019).

32. June W Lau, Karl B Schliep, Michael B Katz, Vikrant J Gokhale, Jason J Gorman, Ao Liu, Yubin Zhao, Chunguang Jing, Alexei Kanareykin, X. W. Fu, Yimei Zhu^*. Laser-Free GHz Stroboscopic TEM: Construction, Deployment, and Benchmarking. Microscopy and Microanalysis 25 (S2), 1658-1659 (2019).

31. Bin Chen^*, X. W. Fu, Mykhaylo Lysevych, Hark Hoe Tan, Chennupati Jagadish. Four-Dimensional Probing of Phase-Reaction Dynamics in Au/GaAs Nanowires.Nano Letters 19 (2), 781-786 (2019).

30. X. W. Fu*, S. D. Pollard, B. Chen, B. K. Yoo, H. Yang, Y. Zhu*. “Optical Quenching of Magnetic Vortex Visualized In Situ by Lorentz Electron Microscopy”. Microscopy and Microanalysis 24 (S1), 912-913 (2018).

29. X. W. Fu*, B. Chen, C. Z. Li, H. Li, Z. M. Liao*, D. P. Yu and Ahmed H. Zewail. “Direct Visualization of Photomorphic Reaction of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Liquid by Four-Dimensional Electron Microscopy”. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 9, 4045-4052 (2018).

28. X. W. Fu*, S. D. Pollard, J. A. Garlow, B. Chen, B. Yoo and Y. Zhu*. “Optical manipulation of magnetic vortices visualized in situ by Lorentz electron microscopy”. Science Advances 4, eaat3077 (2018).

27. J. Li, K. Sun, J. Li, Q. Meng, X. W. Fu, W. Yin, D. Lu, Y. Li, M. Babzien, M. Fedurin, C. Swinson, R. Malone, M. Palmer, L. Mathurin, R. Mason, J. Chen, R. M. Konik, R. J. Cava, Y. Zhu, J. Tao*. “Probing the pathway of an ultrafast structural phase transition to illuminate the transition mechanism in Cu2S”. Applied Physics Letters 113, 041904 (2018).

25. X. W. Fu, B. Chen, J. Tang, M. T. Hassanand and Ahmed H. Zewail. “Imaging rotational dynamics of nanoparticles in liquid by 4D electron microscopy”. Science 355 (6324), 494-498 (2017). (Highlighted by Science; Pro-Physik.de; PHYS.ORG; Physicsworld; ScienceNet.cn)

26. X. W. Fu*, B. Chen, Jau Tang* and Ahmed H. Zewail. “Photoinduced nanobubble-driven superfast diffusion of nanoparticles imaged by 4D electron microscopy”. Science Advances 3, e1701160 (2017). (Highlighted by PHYS.ORG;Nanotechweb.org; EurekAlert.org; Science Advances facebook)

24. B. Chen, X. W. Fu, J. Tang, M. Lysevych, H. H. Tan, C. Jagadish and Ahmed H. Zewail. “Dynamics and control of gold-encapped gallium arsenide nanowires imaged by 4D electron microscopy”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 201708761 (2017). (Highlighted by Nanotechweb.org)

23. H. Chen, X. W. Fu, Q. An, B. Tang, S. R. Zhang, H. Yang, Y. Long, M. Harfouche, H. L. Wang, Y. X. Li. “Determining the Quality Factors of Dielectric Ceramic Mixtures with Dielectric Constants in the Microwave Frequency”. Scientific Reports 7, 14120 (2017).

22. X. W. Fu, C. Z. Li, L. Fang, D. M Liu, J. Xu, D. P Yu and Z. M. Liao. “Strain-gradient modulated exciton emission in bent ZnO wires probed by cathodoluminescence”. ACS Nano 10 (12), 11469–11474 (2016).

21. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao, R. Liu, F. Lin, R. Zhu, W. Zhong, Y. K. Liu, W. L. Guo and D. P. Yu. “Strain loading mode dependent bandgap deformation potential in ZnO micro/nanowires”. ACS Nano 8 (4), 3412-3420 (2015).

20. R. Liu, X. C. You, X. W. Fu, F. Lin, J. Meng, D. P. Yu and Z. M. Liao. “Gate modulation of graphene-ZnO nanowire Schottky diode”. Scientific Reports 5 (2015).

19. M. Shahmohammadi, G. Jacopin, X. W. Fu, J. D. Ganière, D. P. Yu and B. Deveaud. “Exciton hopping probed by picosecond time-resolved cathodoluminescence” Applied Physics Letters 107 (14), 141101 (2015).

18. X. W. Fu, C. Su, Q. Fu, X. L. Zhu, J. Feng, J. Li and D. P. Yu. “Tailoring exciton dynamics by elastic strain-gradient in semiconductors”. Advanced Materials 26, 2572-2579 (2014). (Highlighted by PKU news; PKU Alumni news)

17. X. W. Fu, G. Jacopin, M. Shahmohammadi, R. Liu, M. Benameur, J. D. Ganière, J. Feng, W. L. Guo, Z. M. Liao, B. Deveaud and D. P. Yu. “Exciton drift under uniform strain gradient in bent ZnO microwires”. ACS Nano 8 (4), 3412-3420 (2014). (Highlighted by Advances in Engineering; PKU news)

16. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao and D. P. Yu. “Electronic and mechanical coupling in elastically bent ZnO micro/nanowires”. MRS Proceedings 1664, mrsf13-1664-yy02-02 (2014). (Review Article)

15. X. W. Fu, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, X. L. Zhu, R. Zhu, J. Xu, W. L. Guo and D. P. Yu. “Outermost tensile strain dominated exciton emission in bending CdSe nanowires”. Science China Materials 57 (1), 26-33 (2014).

14. F. Lin, S. W. Chen, J. Meng, G. Tse, X. W. Fu, F. J. Xu, B. Shen, Z. M. Liao and D. P. Yu. “Graphene/GaN diodes for ultraviolet and visible photodetectors”. Applied Physics Letters 105 (7), 073103 (2014).

13. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao, R. Liu, J. Xu and D. P. Yu. “Size-dependent correlations between strain and phonon frequency in individual ZnOnano/micro-wires”. ACS Nano 7, 8891 (2013).

12. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao, J. Xu, X. S. Wu, W. L. Guo and D. P. Yu. “Improvement of ultraviolet photoresponse of bent ZnO microwires by coupling piezoelectric and surface oxygen adsorption/desorption effects”. Nanoscale5, 916-920 (2013).

11. X. W. Fu, Q. Fu, L. Z. Kou, X. L. Zhu, R. Zhu, J. Xu, Z. M. Liao, Q. Zhao, W. L. Guo and D. P Yu. “Modifying optical properties of ZnO nanowires via strain gradient”. Frontiers of Physics8,509 (2013).

10. R. Liu, X. W. Fu, J. Meng, Y. Q. Bie, D. P. Yu and Z. M. Liao. “Graphene plasmon enhanced photoluminescence in ZnO microwires”. Nanoscale 5, 5294-5298 (2013).

9. F. K. Butt, C. Cao, W. S. Khan, M. Safdar, X. W. Fu, M. Tahir, F. Idrees, Z. Ali, G. Nabi and D. P. Yu. “Electrical and optical properties of single zigzag SnO2 nanobelts”. CrystEngComm 15 (11), 2106-2112 (2013)

8. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao, Y. B. Zhou, H. C. Wu, Y. Q. Bie, J. Xu and D. P. Yu. “Graphene/ZnO nanowire/graphene vertical structure based fast-response ultraviolet photodetector”. Applied Physics Letters 100, 22, 3114 (2012).

7. Z. M. Liao, H. Ch. Wu, Q. Fu, X. W. Fu, X. L. Zhu, J. Xu, I. V. Shvets, Z. H. Zhang, W. L. Guo, Y. L. Wang, Q. Zhao, X. S. Wu and D. P. Yu. “Strain induced exciton fine-structure splitting and shift in bent ZnO microwires”. Scientific Reports 2 (2012).

6. G. Nabia, H. Caoa, Z. Usmana, S. Hussaina, W. S. Khana, F. K. Butta, D. P. Yu and X.W. Fu. “Pre-treatment effect of aqueous NH3 on conductivity enhancement and PL properties of GaN nanowires”. Materials Letters70, 19-22 (2012).

5. G. Nabia, C. B. Cao, W. S. Khana, S. Hussaina, Z. Usmana, T. Mahmooda, N. A. D. Khattakb, S. Zhaoc, X. Xinc, D. P. Yu and X. W. Fu. “Synthesis, characterization, photoluminescence and field emission properties of novel durian-like gallium nitride microstructures”. Materials Chemistry and Physics 133, 2, 793 (2012).

4. X. W. Fu, Z. M. Liao, J. X. Zhou, Y. B. Zhou, H. C. Wu, R. Zhang, G. Y. Jing, J. Xu, X. S. Wu, W. L. Guo and D. P. Yu. “Strain dependent resistance in chemical vapor deposition grown graphene”. Applied Physics Letters99, 21, 3107 (2011).

3. Y. Yan, Z. M. Liao, Y. Q. Bie, H. C. Wu, Y. B. Zhou, X. W. Fuand D. P. Yu. “Luminescence blue-shift of CdSe nanowires beyond the quantum confinement regime”. Applied Physics Letters 99, 10, 3103 (2011).

2. X. W. Fu, J. Chen, S. Wang, W. Zhang, L. W. Sun and Y. H. Gao. “Research on fabrication of the highly ordered nanoporous alumina template”. Materials Review23, 4, 97 (2009).

1. Y. Zheng，M. Chen，Y. Ma，X. W. Fu，Y. J. Shao and J. Zhou. “Numerical calculation of the diffraction by one-dimensional grating”. College Physics 28, 5, 52 (2009).

•专利申请

1. X. W. Fu,Q. Fu, X. L. Zhu and D. P. Yu. Application of micro/nano-array for loading standard bending strain in micro/nanowires. China National Patent: CN103663354 B (2016).

代表性研究成果

5. 无需飞秒激光的新型4D超快电子显微镜技术开发及应用

四维超快电子显微镜集飞秒激光和高分辨电子显微镜于一体，结合了飞秒激光的超快时间分辨率和电镜的超高空间分辨率，被广泛应用于物质超快结构动力学研究和分析，成为球差矫正电镜和冷冻电镜技术之后电子显微学领域又一重要的发展方向。然而，现有的四维超快电子显微镜都需要用到昂贵的飞秒激光系统，成本极高，且飞秒光路系统的构建十分复杂，技术门槛极高，且存在不可避免的光路指向稳定性、脉冲光电子发射稳定性、泵浦源局限于飞秒激光等问题，严重制约了四维超快电子显微镜技术的进一步发展和在全球范围内大规模建设及应用。

针对当前四维超快电子显微镜发展的技术瓶颈和成本高昂等问题，我们提出了一种利用微波行波调制常规场发射连续电子束产生超快脉冲电子束的技术路线及方案，自主研制了一种小型的、可集成于现有各型商用热发射或场发射透射电子显微镜的微波脉冲电子发生器，开发出了国际上首台无需复杂飞秒激光系统的四维超快透射电子显微镜系统，并开发了相配套的原位超快电磁场泵浦调控技术，成功实现了无需飞秒激光、低成本的四维超快透射电子成像技术（Science Advances 6 (40), eabc3456（2020）; Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 021301（2020）；Ultramicroscopy 207, 112829（2019））。利用该自主研发的新型四维超快透射电子显微镜，在皮秒与纳米时空尺度首次实时观测揭示了高频电磁波在微/纳天线微型电子器件中的传播动力学特性。

4. 基于双光子调制的4D超快电子显微镜技术及其在Mott绝缘体超快动力学中的应用

四维超快电子显微镜（4D UEM）以其超高的时空分辨率被广泛应用于超快结构动力学分析，但由于光阴极发射的电子存在能散，且在自由飞行过程中存在较强空间电荷作用，导致其时间分辨率被限制在数百飞秒量级，远大于材料中电子运动的时间尺度（数十飞秒）。近年来，几种电子脉冲压缩方案（如射频压缩、太赫兹压缩等）被提出可进一步提高4D UEM的时间分辨率，但是数十飞秒与纳米时空尺度的成像至今尚未实现，成为4D超快电子显微镜技术进一步发展的关键。为此，我们提出了一种基于自由电子-光子相互作用的新型双色超快泵浦-探测方案，将四维超快电镜的时间分辨提升了一个数量级，在飞秒与纳米时空尺度揭示了单个Mott绝缘体VO₂纳米线的绝缘体-金属相变动力学过程（Nature Communications 11 (1), 1-11(2020)）。

3. 原位液态4D超快电子显微镜技术及其在功能纳米材料超快动力学研究中的应用

在原子尺度观察物质的结构及其演化的超快动力学过程，是理解物理、材料、化学和生物等学科中众多现象的关键，也是科学家们一直追逐的梦想。4D超快电子显微镜结合了电镜的超高空间分辨率和飞秒激光的超快时间分辨率，使得在超高时空尺度下研究物质的结构变化及能量转换等动力学过程成为可能。但受高真空运行环境的限制，该技术只局限于固态体系（含冷冻样品）的动力学研究。因此，开发原位液态、气态环境4D超快电子显微镜技术对于各种复杂环境下功能纳米材料的超快动力学研究极为关键。代表性研究成果如下：

1)开发了一种可在高真空下维持液态环境且对高能电子和激光均透明的超薄液态样品池器件，进而发展了液态环境4D透射电子显微镜技术。首次在纳秒和纳米时空尺度下捕捉到了液体中纳米颗粒二聚体的超快弹道旋转动力学过程和在长时间尺度下的随机扩散旋转行为，第一次通过实时图像解开了布朗运动在超短时间尺度下的弹道特性这个世纪谜题 (Science 355, 494-498 (2017)。该成果被等众多媒体选为研究亮点进行广泛报道，如Science杂志评论称：“On the way toward a complete recording of biomolecular function in space and time, the success of Fu et al. with nanoparticles is an important milestone.”

2)通过进一步优化该原位4D技术的性能，研究了水中纳米金颗粒在飞秒激光作用下表面等离激元激发与光热能量转化等动力学过程。首次在纳秒和纳米时空尺度下观察到了纳米金颗粒周围表面等离激元纳米气泡的产生、膨胀和湮灭过程，以及纳米金颗粒在此纳米气泡驱动下的弹道输运和随机游走等动力学行为，提出了一种针对液体环境中纳米机器人的光诱导等离激元气泡驱动机制 (Science Advances 3, e1701160 (2017); ACS nano 15 (4), 6801-6810 （2021）)。并进一步成功捕捉到了水中纳米金颗粒之间表面等离激元诱导的团聚与熔合等不可逆物理与化学反应超快动力学过程 (J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 9, 4045(2018))以及GaAs纳米线/金纳米球体系的多元共金反应不可逆超快动力学过程(Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 201708761(2017)；Nano Letters19 (2), 781-786 （2019）)。

2. 4D超快洛伦兹电子显微镜技术及其在磁性功能纳米材料磁化动力学研究中的应用

复杂电磁环境下的许多电子强关联材料中发生的超快相变动力学过程一直是人们研究的热点和难点，如超导材料的超导相变和磁性材料的磁化-反磁化动力学过程等。这些复杂动力学过程直接决定了材料的物性和相关器件性能。代表性研究成果如下：

1)基于4D超快透射电子显微镜和洛伦兹成像原理，发展了4D超快洛伦兹电子成像技术 (见下图)，突破了如超快光学和超快X射线等传统超快磁性成像技术空间分辨率的限制。首次在纳米尺度下实时观察到了不同对称性纳米磁盘中拓扑磁涡旋的超快光致磁化反转动力学行为，并揭示了其磁化反转动力学过程与纳米磁盘微观结构和拓扑序参数间的关系，由此提出了一种基于纳米磁涡旋光热效应的新型快速高密度数据存储方案 (Science Advances 4,eaat3077(2018))。该研究拓展了4D超快透射电镜技术在磁性纳米功能材料超快磁化动力学研究中的应用。

1. 高时空分辨阴极荧光技术和弹性应变对纳米半导体电子结构及激子动力学特性的调制及应用

在原子/纳米尺度精确调控功能纳米半导体的电子结构和载流子动力学特性是提升其物性的关键，也是进一步开发高性能光伏器件、光电探测器和光电晶体管等产品的基础。弹性应变可连续改变半导体的晶格常数及结构，被视为可连续调控半导体物性最具潜力的方式之一，例如应变效应晶体管等。因此，在原子/纳米尺度研究应变对半导体电子结构及载流子动力学的调制规律，对提升半导体物性及产品应用具有十分重要的意义。代表性研究成果如下 (见下图) ：

1)基于微纳加工与显微操纵技术，解决了针对一维微纳米材料进行精确可控的标准三点、四点弯曲及单轴拉伸等弹性应变加载的技术难题 (专利号 CN103663354B)。结合原位拉曼光谱探测，首次发现了弹性拉、压应变对ZnO纳米线声子的选择性线性调制和尺度依赖效应 (ACS Nano 7(10), 8891 (2013))；

2)结合高空间分辨阴极荧光探测，系统揭示了弹性拉、压应变分别对ZnO电子能带结构及激子发光能量的线性红移与蓝移调制规律及相关物理机制 (ACS Nano 10(12), 11469 (2016); ACS Nano 9(12), 11960 (2015));

3)基于超快扫描电子显微镜，发展了全球时空分辨率最高的阴极荧光系统 (~10ps和~20nm时空分辨率)。首次在皮秒和纳米时空尺度观测到了应变梯度场对激子(束缚的电子-空穴对)的驱动效应，确立了半导体中一直备受争议的应变梯度效应及背后物理机制 (Advanced Materials 26, 2572-2579 (2014); ACS Nano8(4), 3412-3420 (2014); Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 (14), 141101 (2015); Science China Materials 57, 26-33 (2014)) 。并发展了一系列基于应变纳米半导体的高性能光电子器件 (Scientific Reports 5 (2015); Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 (7), 073103 (2014); Nanoscale 5, 916 (2013); Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 22, 3114 (2012); Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 21, 3107 (2011))，展示了该效应在力、电、光领域的巨大应用潜力。

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